Categories
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Data Source
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Characteristics
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Implications
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Entry Behaviors
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Observation of students at homeschool co-op activities. Informal interviews
with seven students from target population. Informal interviews with parents via
on-line chats, news groups and internet mailing lists. |
Students learning base two are able to add and subtract 3- digit numbers,
multiply and divide by two, and identify place values for 3- digit numbers.
Although they can perform the operations, they often do not know the
conventional mathematical terminology involved.
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I will need to define each mathematical term and remind them of the context
in which I am using it.
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| Prior knowledge of topic area |
Interviews and observation: Same as above.
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The students have no knowledge of, or very little previous experience with
alternative bases. |
I will need to start the module with an explanation of bases, and base 2 in
particular. I must include all the steps without making assumptions about prior
knowledge of bases, because if they lose confidence in their ability to
understand the process, they will abandon the project. Generally these students
are not bound by a curriculum and so do not feel they need to persevere with a
subject that is difficult to understand. |
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Attitudes and Motivation
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Interviews and observation: Same as above.
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Homeschoolers who choose, or have been encouraged, to study a particular math
topic (like base 2) only do so if they are really interested in the subject, or
if they need to know it in order to reach a goal, e.g., computer programming.
Motivation and attitude are enthusiastic. No observations or interviews
indicated a reluctant learner.
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As these learners are accustomed to studying subjects in an interesting way,
I will need to sustain their interest. If at any time they perceive the module
to be boring or irrelevant, they will lose interest. I must keep reminding them
of where their knowledge will be used and show them things you can do with base
2 numbers. I will use games and puzzles to sustain their interest.
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Educational and ability levels
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Interviews and observation: Same as above. Research. (Ray, 1990)
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These will vary according to the particular interests of the learner and the
educational approach taken by the parent. Studies show that average achievement
will probably be at or above the 80th percentile of conventional school
students.
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As this unit is relatively independent of prerequisite math knowledge, I
expect the students will know, or independently learn the required entry
behaviors and learn the process quickly.
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Learning preferences
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Interviews and observation: Same as above.
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These children expect learning to be fun. They expect to grasp the essential
points quickly and then have fun with the information.
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Because the process of learning this module is fairly logical, I will need to
give all the relevant information at the start of the module.
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Generally they are unused to, and intolerant of, too much imposed structure.
Tests are used very rarely.
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I will need to assess understanding of concepts with the use of self-check
tests - preferably written in the form of a game.
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These student are accustomed to self-instructional material and will know the
techniques of referring back to examples or forward to solutions if they get
stuck on a problem.
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They will not need any special instructions on how to use self-instructional
material, but I must provide enough examples and solutions to problems in the
instructional materials.
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